In left plots, specific illuminances by a continuous row of luminaires spaced 5 and 6 heights are shown in their left halves (right half concerns a single luminaire). | The right plot is for a single luminaire, unrotated. |
Values below the scale are illuminance / 1 lx. This is for (unrealistic) “unit” case that luminaires would have lamps producing 1 klm only, would be point-like and just 1 m over the terrain.
# [MANUFAC] INDAL # [TEST] LVA10A283Z # [LUMINAIRE] Airtrace-2-iReflec300-FT (4.5A) # [LUMCAT] Airtrace # [DATE] 23/07/2010 13:47:45 # down given: 100% # out given: 76.2% # tilt: 0.00 # [LAMP] 1 MT 45 4300 1950 PGZ12 # Bulbs: 1, 4300 lm each # Source file: Airtrace_Airtrace-2-iReflec300-FT_-4.5A-_1_MT_45_4300_1950_PGZ12.ldt # Luminaire flux = 763 raw, for the given bulb(s) it would be 3279 lm, # 76.3 % of the bulb flux # between 75 and 90: 2.1 % of the luminaire flux # - this part causes just GLARE in case of road lighting and similar purposes # 80deg and above: max 60.4 cd / 1000 lm , 0.4 % of the luminaire flux # 90deg and above: max 1.4?cd / 1000 lm , 0.0?% of the luminaire flux # CutOff Type: IES_CutOff # Increase of Sky Luminance due to light going # from the luminaire difectly above horizon, as compared with the # luminance produced by the light dispersed from the ground: 0?% # Increase of Sky Luminance in Distant Places by light below 15.0 degrees # due to light going from the luminaire directly above horizon: 0?% # (for the zenith luminance such an angle suits places up to 19 km distance) # The increases concern the following situation: # Albedo = 0.10 # Zenith Extinction = 0.30 mag (i.e., direct light remaining 76 %) # Indicatrix type =0 (0: acc. to P.Cinzano, 4..6: CIE sky types) # (the downward-scattered part of lambertian uplight is 0.1108 then) # 62.5 deg to <67.5 deg: max 633 cd / 1000 lm, # 67.5 deg to < 76 deg: max 709 cd / 1000 lm, # maximum spec. lum. intensity 709 cd / 1000 lm # The following table gives luminous intensities which would be produced # using a hypothetic bulb giving a luminous flux of 1000 lm (i.e., cd/klm): # H: 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 115.0 120.0 125.0 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0 #V: 0.0 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 157 2.0 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 161 162 162 162 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 162 162 162 161 161 161 160 160 159 159 158 158 157 157 156 156 155 154 154 153 153 153 152 152 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 152 152 153 153 153 154 154 155 156 156 157 4.0 160 161 162 163 163 164 165 166 166 167 168 168 168 169 169 169 169 169 170 169 169 169 169 169 168 168 168 167 166 166 165 164 163 163 162 161 160 158 157 156 155 154 153 152 151 150 149 148 147 147 146 146 145 145 145 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 6.0 163 164 166 168 169 170 172 173 173 174 175 175 176 175 176 177 176 176 177 176 176 177 176 175 176 175 175 174 173 173 172 170 169 168 166 164 163 161 159 158 156 154 153 151 150 148 147 146 144 144 143 142 141 141 141 141 141 142 143 144 144 146 147 148 150 151 153 154 156 158 159 161 8.0 164 166 169 171 174 175 177 179 181 182 183 183 184 184 184 185 184 185 185 185 184 185 184 184 184 183 183 182 181 179 177 175 174 171 169 166 164 161 159 157 155 153 151 150 148 147 146 144 143 142 141 139 139 138 138 138 139 139 141 142 143 144 146 147 148 150 151 153 155 157 159 161 10.0 164 167 171 174 178 181 184 186 188 190 192 193 193 193 194 194 193 194 194 194 193 194 194 193 193 193 192 190 188 186 184 181 178 174 171 167 164 161 158 155 153 151 149 148 147 146 145 144 143 142 141 139 138 137 137 137 138 139 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 151 153 155 158 161 12.0 164 168 173 177 181 185 189 193 197 199 201 203 204 204 204 204 204 204 205 204 204 204 204 204 204 203 201 199 197 193 189 185 181 177 173 168 164 160 156 153 150 148 146 145 144 144 143 143 143 143 141 139 138 137 136 137 138 139 141 143 143 143 143 144 144 145 146 148 150 153 156 160 14.0 164 169 175 181 186 191 196 201 205 208 212 213 215 215 215 215 214 215 215 215 214 215 215 215 215 213 212 208 205 201 196 191 186 181 175 169 164 160 155 151 148 145 143 142 141 141 141 142 142 142 141 139 137 136 136 136 137 139 141 142 142 142 141 141 141 142 143 145 148 151 155 160 16.0 167 174 181 187 195 201 207 211 216 219 223 225 225 225 226 225 224 225 225 225 224 225 226 225 225 225 223 219 216 211 207 201 195 187 181 174 167 161 155 150 146 143 140 138 137 138 138 139 140 140 139 137 136 134 134 134 136 137 139 140 140 139 138 138 137 138 140 143 146 150 155 161 18.0 172 180 189 197 205 212 218 223 227 231 233 234 235 234 234 233 232 233 233 233 232 233 234 234 235 234 233 231 227 223 218 212 205 197 189 180 172 164 157 151 145 141 138 135 134 134 134 135 136 137 136 135 133 132 132 132 133 135 136 137 136 135 134 134 134 135 138 141 145 151 157 164 20.0 178 188 197 206 215 222 228 233 236 240 242 242 242 239 239 238 236 237 238 237 236 238 239 239 242 242 242 240 236 233 228 222 215 206 197 188 178 169 160 153 146 141 137 133 131 131 131 132 133 134 134 132 131 130 129 130 131 132 134 134 133 132 131 131 131 133 137 141 146 153 160 169 22.0 183 192 202 210 218 225 231 236 239 242 244 245 245 242 240 239 238 238 240 238 238 239 240 242 245 245 244 242 239 236 231 225 218 210 202 192 183 173 164 155 148 141 136 132 130 128 128 128 130 131 131 130 129 127 127 127 129 130 131 131 130 128 128 128 130 132 136 141 148 155 164 173 24.0 188 196 204 210 217 224 230 234 235 237 240 241 242 241 239 238 236 238 240 238 236 238 239 241 242 241 240 237 235 234 230 224 217 210 204 196 188 179 169 160 151 143 137 132 129 126 125 126 127 128 128 127 126 125 125 125 126 127 128 128 127 126 125 126 129 132 137 143 151 160 169 179 26.0 191 198 205 211 216 221 226 229 229 229 229 232 236 237 236 235 234 238 241 238 234 235 236 237 236 232 229 229 229 229 226 221 216 211 205 198 191 183 173 164 154 145 139 133 129 125 124 123 124 125 125 125 124 123 123 123 124 125 125 125 124 123 124 125 129 133 139 145 154 164 173 183 28.0 193 199 206 212 218 222 225 226 224 221 219 222 228 232 234 232 232 238 245 238 232 232 234 232 228 222 219 221 224 226 225 222 218 212 206 199 193 185 176 167 157 148 140 134 129 126 123 121 121 122 122 122 122 121 120 121 122 122 122 122 121 121 123 126 129 134 140 148 157 167 176 185 30.0 196 201 208 214 221 225 226 225 221 216 213 214 222 229 233 232 232 243 254 243 232 232 233 229 222 214 213 216 221 225 226 225 221 214 208 201 196 189 180 170 159 149 142 135 130 126 122 120 119 119 120 120 120 119 118 119 120 120 120 119 119 120 122 126 130 135 142 149 159 170 180 189 32.0 197 203 211 218 225 229 229 226 220 215 213 214 221 230 236 236 238 251 267 251 238 236 236 230 221 214 213 215 220 226 229 229 225 218 211 203 197 190 182 172 161 150 142 136 131 127 123 120 118 117 117 117 117 116 115 116 117 117 117 117 118 120 123 127 131 136 142 150 161 172 182 190 34.0 195 204 215 225 233 237 235 230 225 221 219 221 228 238 244 245 247 262 282 262 247 245 244 238 228 221 219 221 225 230 235 237 233 225 215 204 195 187 179 170 160 150 142 136 131 127 123 120 117 115 114 115 115 113 112 113 115 115 114 115 117 120 123 127 131 136 142 150 160 170 179 187 36.0 192 204 218 232 243 246 244 240 238 238 236 237 243 250 256 257 258 276 297 276 258 257 256 250 243 237 236 238 238 240 244 246 243 232 218 204 192 183 174 166 156 148 141 136 132 128 123 119 115 113 112 112 112 111 110 111 112 112 112 113 115 119 123 128 132 136 141 148 156 166 174 183 38.0 186 202 220 238 253 258 257 259 263 266 262 257 260 263 265 263 265 285 307 285 265 263 265 263 260 257 262 266 263 259 257 258 253 238 220 202 186 174 166 159 151 144 139 136 131 127 123 118 114 110 109 109 110 109 108 109 110 109 109 110 114 118 123 127 131 136 139 144 151 159 166 174 40.0 182 199 219 240 259 269 277 291 300 302 293 279 273 268 263 258 259 281 301 281 259 258 263 268 273 279 293 302 300 291 277 269 259 240 219 199 182 169 160 155 149 144 139 135 131 126 122 117 112 108 107 107 108 108 107 108 108 107 107 108 112 117 122 126 131 135 139 144 149 155 160 169 42.0 181 200 223 245 266 281 303 330 343 335 316 290 274 261 248 240 238 259 278 259 238 240 248 261 274 290 316 335 343 330 303 281 266 245 223 200 181 168 160 155 150 144 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 106 104 105 107 107 106 107 107 105 104 106 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 144 150 155 160 168 44.0 184 206 234 259 281 304 338 367 373 349 314 277 253 235 216 205 202 219 233 219 202 205 216 235 253 277 314 349 373 367 338 304 281 259 234 206 184 170 161 156 150 146 141 136 129 123 117 113 108 105 102 103 105 105 104 105 105 103 102 105 108 113 117 123 129 136 141 146 150 156 161 170 46.0 188 215 249 281 310 342 377 392 374 331 277 233 208 192 176 166 162 170 178 170 162 166 176 192 208 233 277 331 374 392 377 342 310 281 249 215 188 171 161 156 151 148 143 137 129 122 115 109 104 102 100.0 101 103 102 100 102 103 101 100.0 102 104 109 115 122 129 137 143 148 151 156 161 171 48.0 194 227 271 313 351 387 412 396 344 281 219 176 158 153 140 131 127 128 130 128 127 131 140 153 158 176 219 281 344 396 412 387 351 313 271 227 194 173 161 155 151 149 145 138 129 120 113 107 102 97.7 95.0 96.0 97.6 97.9 97.0 97.9 97.6 96.0 95.0 97.7 102 107 113 120 129 138 145 149 151 155 161 173 50.0 200 243 300 356 404 432 428 374 293 219 166 133 118 116 110 105 102 100 100 100 102 105 110 116 118 133 166 219 293 374 428 432 404 356 300 243 200 175 161 155 151 149 145 137 128 119 111 104 99.0 94.5 90.6 89.3 91.2 91.6 90.7 91.6 91.2 89.3 90.6 94.5 99.0 104 111 119 128 137 145 149 151 155 161 175 52.0 209 263 338 414 468 470 420 331 235 169 132 111 97.5 91.2 87.8 84.1 83.6 84.1 84.3 84.1 83.6 84.1 87.8 91.2 97.5 111 132 169 235 331 420 470 468 414 338 263 209 179 163 155 151 147 143 136 127 117 110 103 95.8 90.4 85.6 84.2 84.3 83.4 82.8 83.4 84.3 84.2 85.6 90.4 95.8 103 110 117 127 136 143 147 151 155 163 179 54.0 218 285 378 475 528 492 391 274 184 138 114 98.5 87.8 79.8 74.3 69.8 68.7 71.0 72.6 71.0 68.7 69.8 74.3 79.8 87.8 98.5 114 138 184 274 391 492 528 475 378 285 218 181 163 153 147 144 139 132 124 115 107 98.1 90.5 84.8 80.0 77.7 77.9 74.9 70.5 74.9 77.9 77.7 80.0 84.8 90.5 98.1 107 115 124 132 139 144 147 153 163 181 56.0 230 308 416 525 569 493 349 223 152 120 102 90.0 80.7 73.9 68.8 63.3 61.1 60.2 60.3 60.2 61.1 63.3 68.8 73.9 80.7 90.0 102 120 152 223 349 493 569 525 416 308 230 185 162 150 144 140 135 129 119 110 101 93.1 85.8 79.7 74.7 72.1 70.5 65.3 63.5 65.3 70.5 72.1 74.7 79.7 85.8 93.1 101 110 119 129 135 140 144 150 162 185 58.0 240 328 445 553 575 467 303 187 133 108 93.1 83.5 75.7 69.5 64.4 59.5 54.9 54.3 55.6 54.3 54.9 59.5 64.4 69.5 75.7 83.5 93.1 108 133 187 303 467 575 553 445 328 240 187 162 149 142 138 131 123 113 104 96.1 88.7 81.4 74.7 70.6 66.4 62.5 58.8 57.1 58.8 62.5 66.4 70.6 74.7 81.4 88.7 96.1 104 113 123 131 138 142 149 162 187 60.0 248 348 471 557 541 407 251 160 120 99.4 86.9 77.6 70.7 65.1 60.6 54.5 49.7 49.1 50.4 49.1 49.7 54.5 60.6 65.1 70.7 77.6 86.9 99.4 120 160 251 407 541 557 471 348 248 189 162 149 141 135 127 115 106 97.2 90.8 83.7 77.0 69.7 66.1 61.1 56.9 53.0 50.7 53.0 56.9 61.1 66.1 69.7 77.0 83.7 90.8 97.2 106 115 127 135 141 149 162 189 62.0 259 375 500 550 489 342 209 141 110 92.9 82.0 73.2 66.5 61.9 56.5 50.1 45.3 43.8 45.1 43.8 45.3 50.1 56.5 61.9 66.5 73.2 82.0 92.9 110 141 209 342 489 550 500 375 259 193 163 149 139 130 120 109 98.9 91.3 85.8 78.1 72.5 66.7 61.7 56.7 52.2 48.0 46.1 48.0 52.2 56.7 61.7 66.7 72.5 78.1 85.8 91.3 98.9 109 120 130 139 149 163 193 64.0 279 422 554 556 441 285 178 127 102 86.8 77.0 68.8 62.4 57.8 52.1 45.7 40.6 37.7 38.7 37.7 40.6 45.7 52.1 57.8 62.4 68.8 77.0 86.8 102 127 178 285 441 556 554 422 279 199 165 147 133 122 112 101 93.0 86.0 80.2 74.3 68.7 63.5 56.7 52.6 47.2 43.0 41.4 43.0 47.2 52.6 56.7 63.5 68.7 74.3 80.2 86.0 93.0 101 112 122 133 147 165 199 66.0 307 491 633 581 405 240 154 114 94.5 81.2 72.3 64.4 58.6 53.1 46.2 40.7 35.4 32.1 32.8 32.1 35.4 40.7 46.2 53.1 58.6 64.4 72.3 81.2 94.5 114 154 240 405 581 633 491 307 205 164 141 126 113 102 93.8 86.6 80.2 74.9 69.5 64.0 58.8 52.3 47.2 42.5 38.4 36.1 38.4 42.5 47.2 52.3 58.8 64.0 69.5 74.9 80.2 86.6 93.8 102 113 126 141 164 205 68.0 327 565 709 588 360 203 134 103 87.5 76.5 67.9 60.3 55.1 49.3 41.3 34.9 30.4 26.9 27.5 26.9 30.4 34.9 41.3 49.3 55.1 60.3 67.9 76.5 87.5 103 134 203 360 588 709 565 327 195 142 115 99.1 88.5 81.5 76.8 74.0 71.4 67.0 62.8 57.8 52.9 46.9 41.6 37.2 33.1 31.5 33.1 37.2 41.6 46.9 52.9 57.8 62.8 67.0 71.4 74.0 76.8 81.5 88.5 99.1 115 142 195 70.0 285 554 682 506 283 165 115 93.4 80.2 71.2 63.2 56.1 50.9 44.6 36.6 29.3 24.5 22.8 23.4 22.8 24.5 29.3 36.6 44.6 50.9 56.1 63.2 71.2 80.2 93.4 115 165 283 506 682 554 285 134 80.2 56.4 42.6 33.8 28.8 26.5 27.9 32.9 38.5 41.8 42.8 41.3 38.4 34.8 31.0 27.2 25.7 27.2 31.0 34.8 38.4 41.3 42.8 41.8 38.5 32.9 27.9 26.5 28.8 33.8 42.6 56.4 80.2 134 72.0 267 519 583 362 160 78.1 60.9 71.1 72.3 65.1 57.9 51.7 46.8 39.6 32.2 25.5 20.7 18.4 18.7 18.4 20.7 25.5 32.2 39.6 46.8 51.7 57.9 65.1 72.3 71.1 60.9 78.1 160 362 583 519 267 116 64.6 44.7 33.5 25.9 20.0 16.2 14.1 13.2 12.6 12.1 12.1 13.9 15.9 16.5 16.8 15.5 15.2 15.5 16.8 16.5 15.9 13.9 12.1 12.1 12.6 13.2 14.1 16.2 20.0 25.9 33.5 44.7 64.6 116 74.0 217 408 420 239 104 50.6 30.2 20.8 19.6 32.5 45.2 44.1 41.8 35.2 28.1 21.7 17.5 16.1 17.0 16.1 17.5 21.7 28.1 35.2 41.8 44.1 45.2 32.5 19.6 20.8 30.2 50.6 104 239 420 408 217 91.6 49.3 34.1 26.2 20.6 15.9 12.6 10.6 10.0 9.1 8.0 6.5 5.9 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.9 6.5 8.0 9.1 10.0 10.6 12.6 15.9 20.6 26.2 34.1 49.3 91.6 76.0 147 258 248 139 63.7 32.9 20.3 14.0 10.6 8.7 7.3 11.1 23.6 27.5 22.7 16.8 13.8 13.5 14.1 13.5 13.8 16.8 22.7 27.5 23.6 11.1 7.3 8.7 10.6 14.0 20.3 32.9 63.7 139 248 258 147 63.3 34.3 24.0 18.8 14.5 11.0 8.5 7.0 6.2 5.7 5.0 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 4.0 5.0 5.7 6.2 7.0 8.5 11.0 14.5 18.8 24.0 34.3 63.3 78.0 85.0 136 125 73.6 37.2 21.2 13.9 10.1 7.8 6.3 5.2 4.4 4.2 4.1 6.2 8.2 8.6 10.6 11.8 10.6 8.6 8.2 6.2 4.1 4.2 4.4 5.2 6.3 7.8 10.1 13.9 21.2 37.2 73.6 125 136 85.0 39.9 22.6 16.3 12.9 10.1 7.6 5.9 4.8 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.8 4.3 4.4 4.8 5.9 7.6 10.1 12.9 16.3 22.6 39.9 80.0 41.7 60.4 54.6 34.3 19.8 12.6 9.0 7.0 5.7 4.7 4.1 3.5 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.5 4.1 4.7 5.7 7.0 9.0 12.6 19.8 34.3 54.6 60.4 41.7 22.3 13.7 10.2 8.2 6.4 4.9 3.9 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.9 4.9 6.4 8.2 10.2 13.7 22.3 82.0 17.5 23.3 21.4 15.0 10.0 7.1 5.5 4.6 3.9 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.9 4.6 5.5 7.1 10.0 15.0 21.4 23.3 17.5 10.9 7.5 5.8 4.8 3.9 3.2 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.8 5.8 7.5 10.9 84.0 6.8 8.3 7.9 6.3 4.9 3.9 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.9 4.9 6.3 7.9 8.3 6.8 5.0 3.9 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.9 5.0 86.0 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 88.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 90.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3