\standardhyphens



\begin{thebibliography}{99} 
 \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Reference}

\parskip=0pt \itemsep=0pt
\catcode`\%=12
\catcode`\#=12
\catcode`\&=12


\bibi{Beier} 
Beier P. 1995. Dispersal of juvenile cougars in fragmented habitat.
\e{Journal of Wildlife Management} \textbf{59}: 228--237.

\bibi{Bender} 
Bender DJ, Bayne EM, Brigham RM. 1996. Lunar condition influences
coyote (\lat{Canis latrans}) howling. \e{American Midland
Naturalist} \textbf{136}: 413--417.

\bibi{Bergen} 
Bergen F, Abs M. 1997. Etho-ecological study of the singing activity of
the blue tit (\lat{Parus caeruleus}), great tit (\lat{Parus major}) and
chaffinch (\lat{Fringilla coelebs}). \e{Journal f�r Ornithologie}
\textbf{138}: 451--467. 

\bibi{Blake} 
Blake D, Hutson AM, Racey PA, Rydell J, Speakman JR. 1994. Use of
lamplit roads by foraging bats in southern England. \e{Journal of Zoology
(London) }\textbf{234}: 453--462. 

\bibi{Buchanan1993} 
Buchanan BW. 1993. Effects of enhanced lighting on the behaviour of
nocturnal frogs. \e{Animal Behaviour} \textbf{45}: 893--899. 

\bibi{Buchanan1998} 
Buchanan BW. 1998. Low-illumination prey detection by squirrel
treefrogs. \e{Journal of Herpetology} \textbf{32}: 270--274. 

\bibi{Cinzano} 
Cinzano P, Falchi F, Elvidge CD. 2001. \wwwt{The first world atlas of the
artificial night sky brightness}{http://dipastro.pd.astro.it/cinzano/papers.html}. 
\e{Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society} \textbf{328}: 689--707. 

\bibi{DeMolenaar} 
De Molenaar JG, Jonkers DA, Sanders ME. 2000. \wwwt{Road illumination and
nature. III. Local influence of road lights on a black-tailed godwit
(\lat{Limosa l. limosa}) 
population}{http://www.rws.nl/rws/dww/uitgaven/grutto/gruttoabstract.htm}. 
Wageningen, The Netherlands: Alterra. 

\bibi{Derrickson} 
Derrickson KC. 1988. \wwwt{Variation in repertoire presentation in northern
mockingbirds}{http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v090n03/p0592-p0606.pdf}.
\e{Condor} \textbf{90}: 592--606. 

\bibi{Dick} 
Dick MH, Donaldson W. 1978. \wwwt{Fishing vessel endangered by crested auklet
landings}{http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v080n02/p0235-p0236.pdf}.
\e{Condor} \textbf{80}: 235--236. 

\bibi{Dodson} 
Dodson S. 1990. \wwwt{Predicting diel vertical migration of 
zooplankton}
{http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_35/issue_5/1195.pdf}.
\e{Limnology and Oceanography} \textbf{35}: 1195--1200. 

\bibi{Eisenbeis} 
Eisenbeis G, Hassel F. 2000. Zur Anziehung nachtaktiver Insekten durch
Stra�enlaternen --- eine Studie kommunaler Beleuchtungseinrichtungen in der
Agrarlandschaft Rheinhessens [P�itahov�n� no�n�ho hmyzu uli�n�mi lampami
 ---�studie soustav ve�ejn�ho osv�tlen� v~poln� krajin� 
r�nsko-hessensk�]. \e{Natur und Landschaft} \textbf{75}: 145--156. 

\bibi{Elvidge1997} 
Elvidge C, Baugh KE, Kihn EA, Davis ER. 1997. \wwwt{Mapping city lights with
nighttime data from the DMSP Operational Linescan System}
{http://gedas22.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/spidr/biomass/usa_doc.html}.
\e{Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing} \textbf{63}: 727--734. 

\bibi{Elvidge2001} 
Elvidge CD, Imhoff ML, Baugh KE, Hobson VR, Nelson I, Safran J, Dietx
JB, Tuttle BT. 2001. \wwwt{Nighttime lights of the world: 1994--95}
{http://sedac.ciesin.org/plue/gpw/presentations/ChrisElvidge/nightCD/world95.html}. 
\e{ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing} \textbf{56}: 81--99. 

\bibi{EvansOgden} 
Evans Ogden LJ. 1996. Collision course: the hazards of lighted
structures and windows to migrating birds. Toronto: World Wildlife Fund
Canada and Fatal Light Awareness Program.�

\bibi{Frank} 
Frank KD. 1988. Impact of outdoor lighting on moths: an assessment.
\e{Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society} \textbf{42}: 63--93. 

\bibi{Gal}
Gal G, Loew ER, Rudstam LG, Mohammadian AM. 1999. \wwwt{Light and diel
vertical migration: spectral sensitivity and light avoidance by \lat{Mysis
relicta}}
{http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/cgi-bin/rp/rp2_abst_e?cjfas_f98-174_56_ns_nf_cjfas}.
\e{Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science}
\textbf{56}: 311--322. 

\bibi{Gibson}
Gibson RN. 1978. Lunar and tidal rhythms in fish. In: Thorpe JE (Ed.).
Rhythmic activity of fishes. London: Academic Press. 

\bibi{Gilbert}
Gilbert BS, Boutin S. 1991. Effect of moonlight on winter activity of
snowshoe hares. \e{Arctic and Alpine Research} \textbf{23}: 61--65. 

\bibi{Gliwitz1986}
Gliwicz ZM. 1986. \wwwt{A lunar cycle in zooplankton}
{http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0012-9658&volume=067&issue=04&page=0883}.
\e{Ecology}
\textbf{67}: 883--897. 

\bibi{Gliwitz1999}
Gliwicz ZM. 1999. Predictability of seasonal and diel events in
tropical and temperate lakes and reservoirs. In: Tundisi JG,�Stra�kraba M
(Eds.). Theoretical reservoir ecology and its applications. S�o Carlos:
International Institute of Ecology. 

\bibi{Gorenzel}
Gorenzel WP, Salmon TP. 1995. Characteristics of American Crow urban
roosts in California. \e{Journal of Wildlife Management} \textbf{59}: 638--645. 

\bibi{Gotthard}
Gotthard K. 2000. Increased risk of predation as a cost of high growth
rate: an experimental test in a butterfly. \e{Journal of Animal
Ecology} \textbf{69}: 896--902. 

\bibi{Hailman}
Hailman JP. 1984. Bimodal nocturnal activity of the western toad (\lat{Bufo
boreas}) in relation to ambient illumination. \e{Copeia} \textbf{1984}: 283--290. 

\bibi{Haymes}
Haymes GT, Patrick PH, Onisto LJ. 1984. Attraction of fish to mercury
vapor light and its application in a generating station forebay.
\e{Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie} \textbf{69}: 867--876. 

\bibi{HealthC}
Health Council of the Netherlands. 2000. Impact of outdoor lighting on
man and nature. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands. \wwwt{Publication
No. 2000/25E}{http://www.gr.nl/pdf.php?ID=321}. 

\bibi{Hill}
Hill D. 1990. The impact of noise and artificial light on waterfowl
behaviour: a review and synthesis of the available literature. Norfolk,
United Kingdom: British Trust for Ornithology Report No. 61. 

\bibi{Jaeger}
Jaeger RG, Hailman JP. 1973. Effects of intensity on the phototactic
responses of adult anuran amphibians: a comparative survey. \e{Zeitschrift
f�r Tierphsychologie} \textbf{33}: 352--407. 

\bibi{JulienLaferriere}
Julien-Laferri\`ere, D. 1997. The influence of moonlight on activity of woolly
opossums�(\lat{Caluromys philander}). \e{Journal of Mammalogy}
\textbf{78}: 251--255.�

\bibi{Klauber}
Klauber LM. 1939. Rattlesnakes: their habits, life histories, and
influence on mankind. Berkeley: University of California Press. 

\bibi{Kolligs}
Kolligs D. 2000. �kologische Auswirkungen k�nstlicher Lichtquellen auf
nachtaktive Insekten, insbesondere Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera)
[Ekologick� ��inky um�l�ch sv�teln�ch zdroj� na hmyz aktivn� v~noci,
zejm�na mot�ly]. 
\e{Faunistisch-�kologische Mitteilungen Supplement} \textbf{28}: 1--136. 

\bibi{Kotler}
Kotler BP. 1984. Risk of predation and the structure of desert rodent
communities. \e{Ecology} \textbf{65}: 689--701. 

\bibi{Lima}
Lima SL. 1998. Stress and decision making under the risk of predation:
recent developments from behavioral, reproductive, and ecological
perspectives. \e{Advances in the Study of Behavior} \textbf{27}: 215--290. 

\bibi{Lloyd}
Lloyd JE. 1994. Where are the lightningbugs? 
\wwwt{\e{Fireflyer Companion}}{http://firefly.ifas.ufl.edu}
\textbf{1}: 1, 2, 5, 10. 

\bibi{Long}
Long WJ. 1901. Wilderness ways. Boston, MA: Ginn and Company. 

\bibi{Moore}
Moore MV, Pierce SM, Walsh HM, Kvalvik SK, Lim JD. 2000. Urban light
pollution alters the diel vertical migration of \lat{Daphnia}.
\e{Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und
Angewandte Limnologie} \textbf{27}: 779--782. 

\bibi{Munday}
Munday PL, Jones GP, Ohman MC, Kaly UL. 1998. Enhancement of
recruitment to coral reefs using light-attractors. \e{Bulletin of Marine
Science} \textbf{63}: 581--588. 

\bibi{Nakamura}
Nakamura T, Yamashita S. 1997. Phototactic behavior of nocturnal and
diurnal spiders: negative and positive phototaxes. \e{Zoological Science
(Tokyo)} \textbf{14}: 199--203. 

\bibi{Outen}
Outen AR. 2002. The ecological effects of road lighting. In: Sherwood
B, Culter D, Burton JA, editors. Wildlife and roads: the ecological
impact. London: Imperial College Press. 

\bibi{Park}
Park O. 1940. Nocturnalism --- the development of a problem.
\e{Ecological Monographs} \textbf{10}: 485--536. 

\bibi{Rand}
Rand AS, Bridarolli ME, Dries L, Ryan MJ. 1997. Light levels influence
female choice in Tungara frogs: predation risk assessment? \e{Copeia}
\textbf{1997}: 447--450. 

\bibi{Riiters}
Riiters KH, Wickham JD. 2003. \wwwt{How far to the nearest road?
}{http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/viewpub.jsp?index=5325} \e{Frontiers
in Ecology and the Environment} \textbf{1}: 125--129. 

\bibi{Rydell1992}
Rydell J. 1992. Exploitation of insects around streetlamps by bats in
Sweden. \e{Functional Ecology} \textbf{6}: 744--750. 

\bibi{Rydell1996}
Rydell J, Baag\o{}e HJ. 1996. Gatlampor �kar fladderm�ssens predation 
p\aa{}
fj�rilar [Uli�n� lampy zvy�uj� predaci netop�r� na m�r�ch]. \e{Entomologisk
Tidskrift} \textbf{117}: 129--135. 

\bibi{Salmon2003}
Salmon M. 2003. Artificial night lighting and sea turtles.
\e{Biologist} \textbf{50}: 163--168. 

\bibi{Salmon1995}
Salmon M, Tolbert MG, Painter DP, Goff M, Reiners R. 1995. Behavior of
loggerhead sea turtles on an urban beach. II. Hatchling orientation.
\e{Journal of Herpetology} \textbf{29}: 568--576. 

\bibi{Schmiedel}
Schmiedel J. 2001. Auswirkungen k�nstlicher Beleuchtung auf die
Tierwelt -- ein �berblick (��inky um�l�ho osv�tlen� na sv�t zv��at
-- p�ehled). \e{Schriftenreihe f�r Landschaftspflege und
Naturschutz} \textbf{67}: 19--51. 

\bibi{Schwartz}
Schwartz A, Henderson RW. 1991. Amphibians and reptiles of the West
Indies: descriptions, distributions, and natural history. Gainesville:
University of Florida Press.�

\bibi{Squires}
Squires WA, Hanson HE. 1918. \wwwt{The destruction of birds at the
lighthouses on the coast of California}
{http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v020n01/p0006-p0010.pdf}. 
\e{Condor} \textbf{20}: 6--10. 

\bibi{Summers}
Summers CG. 1997. Phototactic behavior of \lat{Bemisia argentifolii}
(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) crawlers. \e{Annals of the Entomological Society
of America} \textbf{90}: 372--379. 

\bibi{Svensson}
Svensson AM, Rydell J. 1998. \wwwt{Mercury vapour lamps interfere with the
bat defence of tympanate moths (\lat{Operophtera} spp.; Geometridae)}
{http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9480689&query_hl=1}.
\e{Animal Behaviour} \textbf{55}: 223--226. 

\bibi{Verheijen}
Verheijen FJ. 1985. Photopollution: artificial light optic spatial
control systems fail to cope with. Incidents, causations, remedies.
\e{Experimental Biology} \textbf{44}: 1--18. 

\bibi{Wiese}
Wiese FK, Montevecchi WA, Davoren GK, Huettmann F, Diamond AW, Linke J.
2001. Seabirds at risk around offshore oil platforms in the North-west
Atlantic. \e{Marine Pollution Bulletin} \textbf{42}: 1285--1290. 

\bibi{Witherington}
Witherington BE. 1997. The problem of photopollution for sea turtles
and other nocturnal animals. In: Clemmons JR, Buchholz R, editors.
Behavioral approaches to conservation in the wild. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press. 

\bibi{Yurk}
Yurk H, Trites AW. 2000. Experimental attempts to reduce predation by
harbor seals on out-migrating juvenile salmonids. \e{Transactions of the
American Fisheries Society} \textbf{129}: 1360--1366. 

\end{thebibliography}
