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[DSLF] Digest Number 1510
There are 12 messages in this issue.
Topics in this digest:
1. Re: Lighting, Crime, White vs. Yellow, Etc.
From: Robert DiStefano <motorinstructor@yahoo...>
2. RE: Lighting, Crime, White vs. Yellow, Etc.
From: Darren Baskill <dbl@star....ac.uk>
3. metal halide
From: Susan Harder <lookout@hamptons...>
4. Re: Garstang model
From: "David Keith" <david.keith@mindspring...>
5. Light Impact on Fauna
From: Mike Hansen <mhansen@einhornresearch...>
6. Re: Re: Garstang model
From: Yvan Dutil <yvan.dutil@sympatico...>
7. Re: Light Impact on Fauna
From: Mysids@aol...
8. criminal lights
From: Susan Harder <lookout@hamptons...>
9. Re: Light Impact on Fauna
From: "patric@ghostriders..." <patric@ghostriders...>
10. RE: criminal lights
From: "Greg Crawford" <gc@nelsonbay...>
11. File - AccountReactivation.txt
From: DarkSky-list
12. File - SplitLink.txt
From: DarkSky-list
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Message: 1
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 02:25:10 -0800 (PST)
From: Robert DiStefano <motorinstructor@yahoo...>
Subject: Re: Lighting, Crime, White vs. Yellow, Etc.
In 1973, New York City's Mayor Lindsay announced that the city will replace all of its Mercury Vapor lights with HPS. The principal reason that he gave was that the crime rate would go down. The project was implemented and in three years, the whole city was relit. Now that same excuse is being used in Glasgow to replace HPS with halide. Of course its all about money! In five years LED's will replace all of the current technologies for the simple reason is that it is very cheap. NYC already has decided to start replacing HPS with LED's in 2 years when the price goes down considerably. The bottom line is that the economy is the principal factor that drives these decisions.
"patric@ghostriders..." <patric@ghostriders...> wrote:
Robert DiStefano wrote:
> Hats off to Glasgow! Finally some common sense in regards to lighting. Its about time that we get rid of that ugly orange sky glow.
> http://news.scotsman.com/scotland.cfm?id=1358002004
There's a vague reference to optical control (which might be Cutoff,
semi- or full-cutoff optics) but their apparent belief that glare
abatement is a product of spectra is pure folly. I would also like to
see the source that says it cuts crime by 20% ...the long-since debunked
report from the Home Office perhaps?
The parties in question are apparently unaware of optical control that
cuts glare and waste light is also available for warmish- High Pressure
Sodium as well as the coldish- Metal Halide lamps, or know that Rayleigh
Scatter from blue-spectra light sources results in 3-4 times the skyglow
of the Sodium lights they are replacing
(http://www.resodance.com/ali/compcost.html)
I would be surprised if a city this size makes such a blunder solely on
the "data" of a lighting manufacturer. These people deserve the rest of
the story. Was the International Darksky Associations Scotland Section
asked for help on this?
Patric.
Robert DiStefano
Subwaywebnews.com
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Message: 2
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 11:24:10 +0000 (GMT)
From: Darren Baskill <dbl@star....ac.uk>
Subject: RE: Lighting, Crime, White vs. Yellow, Etc.
> That would be a very costly experiment, both in Scottish pounds and human lives!
> In my experience, the average Scotsman should not be so easily parted from his
> pound.
That'll be British pounds! (even if they use different note designs)
Just to say that the "Scottish section of the IDA" is the UK CfDS, and
the comments on the DSLF has sparked a discussion on:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/cfds/
cheers,
Das
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Message: 3
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 07:56:45 -0500
From: Susan Harder <lookout@hamptons...>
Subject: metal halide
Re: Scotland's blue lights:
Sounds like the light bulb company got their way with them. More light bulbs. Susan
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Message: 4
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 10:37:31 -0700
From: "David Keith" <david.keith@mindspring...>
Subject: Re: Garstang model
C.H. wrote:
> ... maybe matched by the studies of Dr.
> Roy Garstang as well, but I might be mistaken.
Based on my conversations with Dr. Garstang and review of several of his
papers, I think the "Garstang model" has entirely inadequate consideration
of the spectral aspects of uplight and skyglow, because all of the radiation
is assumed to be the same wavelength (5500 angstrom for V band, 4400 for B
band). This is indicated in "We assume initially that artificial lighting
produces an output of L lumens per head of the population, so that the total
light output is LP lumens" and in the absence of wavelength-variable terms
in the equations throughout, and explicitly shown in the statement "We
assume Rayleigh scattering by the molecular atmosphere ... at an assumed
wavelength of 5500 [angstrom] for visual observation" (Model for Artificial
Night-sky Illumination, R. Garstang, Publications of the Astronomical
Society of the Pacific, v98, n601, March 1986, quotes from page 365).
This is confirmed in the conclusion section of another paper, which states
"Most of our calculations have been based on a standard model using 1000
lumens per head for the eye and its equivalent of 3.419 X 10[18] photons per
second per head for the V band ..." (Night-Sky Brightness at Observatories
and Sites, R. Garstang, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the
Pacific, v101, n637, March 1989, page 328).
Therefore the atmospheric scatter aspect of the Garstang model is in my
opinion entirely discredited in this era of different outdoor light sources.
David Keith, FIES
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Message: 5
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 17:06:59 -0500
From: Mike Hansen <mhansen@einhornresearch...>
Subject: Light Impact on Fauna
For anyone interested in ecological impacts of artificial light, here
is a brand new, excellent article.
Researchers in Florida have documented an effect (on foraging behavior)
on endangered Beach Mice.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/11/041129101438.htm
Here is the original press release:
http://www.napa.ufl.edu/2004news/beachmice.htm
Mike Hansen
2561 Massachusetts Ave. #1
Cambridge, MA 02140-1020
(617)661-6520
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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Message: 6
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 21:53:11 -0500
From: Yvan Dutil <yvan.dutil@sympatico...>
Subject: Re: Re: Garstang model
I must desagree with you on this issue. Garstang models are adequate. Dont forget they do match the observation. The same can be said for teh model created by Cinzano. I know at least three other groups, which came with very similar results using a completely different model. One of the group is directed by someone who is using light pollution to track atmospheric pollution. Blue light is much more polluting because: it diffuse more and because the sky is darker in the blue. Very basic physics there.
Yvan Dutil
> De: "David Keith" <david.keith@mindspring...>
> Date: 2004/11/30 mar. PM 12:37:31 GMT-05:00
> À: <DarkSky-list@yahoogroups...>
> Objet: [DSLF] Re: Garstang model
>
>
> C.H. wrote:
>
> > ... maybe matched by the studies of Dr.
> > Roy Garstang as well, but I might be mistaken.
>
> Based on my conversations with Dr. Garstang and review of several of his
> papers, I think the "Garstang model" has entirely inadequate consideration
> of the spectral aspects of uplight and skyglow, because all of the radiation
> is assumed to be the same wavelength (5500 angstrom for V band, 4400 for B
> band). This is indicated in "We assume initially that artificial lighting
> produces an output of L lumens per head of the population, so that the total
> light output is LP lumens" and in the absence of wavelength-variable terms
> in the equations throughout, and explicitly shown in the statement "We
> assume Rayleigh scattering by the molecular atmosphere ... at an assumed
> wavelength of 5500 [angstrom] for visual observation" (Model for Artificial
> Night-sky Illumination, R. Garstang, Publications of the Astronomical
> Society of the Pacific, v98, n601, March 1986, quotes from page 365).
>
> This is confirmed in the conclusion section of another paper, which states
> "Most of our calculations have been based on a standard model using 1000
> lumens per head for the eye and its equivalent of 3.419 X 10[18] photons per
> second per head for the V band ..." (Night-Sky Brightness at Observatories
> and Sites, R. Garstang, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the
> Pacific, v101, n637, March 1989, page 328).
>
> Therefore the atmospheric scatter aspect of the Garstang model is in my
> opinion entirely discredited in this era of different outdoor light sources.
>
> David Keith, FIES
>
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Message: 7
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 2004 09:44:52 -0500
From: Mysids@aol...
Subject: Re: Light Impact on Fauna
This is a unique study that students and low budget researchers should look into and apply the same experimental design toward the study of other species, both nonendangered and endangered. The manipulative variables in such a study involves the use of different lights, attraction mechanism (e.g., food) and field or laboratory settings. Under such conditions, identify response criteria to account for the presence or absence of the species and their responding behavior under such manipulated conditions.
Consult with a local wildlife agency to inform them of your study interests. They may even want to help or sponsor you because it helps them understand the species and problem being investigated. There may be permits involved especially if it involves endangered species. It would be best to use similar nonendangered species before thinking about investigating endangered species. Most agencies and universities, however, welcome such investigations as long as it complies with their requirements to protect the species under carefully guarded conditions. Study results lend publishing and regulatory development value to the data that shows cause and effect from light pollution. This would lead to additional conservation recommendations for protecting certain wildlife species and their habitats.
The study authors in this study make a noteworthy conclusion about lighting in the context of coastal development, "Put the right light in the right place". For the endangered beach mouse, no homeowner or business lights are required for the natural sand dunes and beach where the mouse lives.
JNoles
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Message: 8
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 2004 08:59:40 -0500
From: Susan Harder <lookout@hamptons...>
Subject: criminal lights
Apparently, in Burbank California, it is a criminal offense to violate
their outdoor lighting law:
See MORALS, Chapter 20, and page 22:
http://www.ci.burbank.ca.us/cityclerk/Current/municipal_codes.htm
Sec 20-505. Outside Lights.
Outdoor lighting consisting of spotlights, floodlights and similar
illuminating media, shall be installed, regulated and maintained by the
owner and person in control thereof, so as to reflect the light away
from any adjoining residential premises and avoid disturbance, annoyance
or interference to persons upon such adjoining premises. This section
shall not apply to:
(a) Street lights and other lights owned or operated by the City.
(b) Lights used during the Christmas season only, commonly known as
Christmas lights.
I received a message from a resident of Burbank, who found the
Parshield® website and wrote:
"Hello, we live in Burbank, California and need to be able to put up
something to get the City Attorney off out backs because we light our
driveway (cars have been stolen) in our neighborhood, anyway how soon
and how much would it cost to receive 4 of these in bronze. We urgently
need them to satisfy the City Attorney. Please advise as soon as
possible."
Apparently there was very little in the way of measurable light
trespass. What her neighbors were objecting to, was the glare from the
face of the PAR bulbs.
As far as I am concerned, PAR bulbs should not be used outdoors, and
especially if not shielded.
We have a new animation on the site, if you haven't visited it lately:
http://www.parshield.com/index.html
And the Home Shopping Network is going to offer the shields in their
Improvements Catalogue in a month or so. Let's hope that helps.
Susan Harder
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Message: 9
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 2004 10:30:41 -0600
From: "patric@ghostriders..." <patric@ghostriders...>
Subject: Re: Light Impact on Fauna
Mysids@aol... wrote:
> This is a unique study that students and low budget researchers should look into and apply the same experimental design toward the study of other species, both nonendangered and endangered.
While anecdotal, I relate to neighborhood groups our suburban
experiences, when we used to be regularly visited by owls that would
hunt rodents at night. When new homes were added with bright outdoor
lighting on all night, the uplight apparently interfered with the owl's
ability to see well enough to hunt, and moved on. In their place is a
healthy population of rats.
Dont care about sea turtles, bird migrations or moth populations? Most
people wont unless they can also be shown that elements of nature are
interwoven, and at some point a disruption, like the ripples in a pond,
find it's way back to you.
Patric.
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Message: 10
Date: Thu, 2 Dec 2004 06:29:41 +1100
From: "Greg Crawford" <gc@nelsonbay...>
Subject: RE: criminal lights
> "Hello, we live in Burbank, California and need to be able to put up
> something to get the City Attorney off out backs because we light our
> driveway (cars have been stolen) in our neighborhood, anyway how soon
> and how much would it cost to receive 4 of these in bronze. We urgently
> need them to satisfy the City Attorney. Please advise as soon as
> possible."
Perhaps you might point out to them how much more quickly thieves can break into
their cars, thanks to their lights. I mean, when you are trying to break into a
car, surely it helps to see what you are doing! :-)
- Greg
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Message: 11
Date: 1 Dec 2004 20:01:46 -0000
From: DarkSky-list
Subject: File - AccountReactivation.txt
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Message: 12
Date: 1 Dec 2004 20:01:46 -0000
From: DarkSky-list
Subject: File - SplitLink.txt
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