<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><i>There seemed to be a problem with the server, as Jenik (Jan Hollan) told me, so I send this answer again to this list.</i></div><div><i>Sorry, if you got it twice...)</i></div><div><br></div>Dear Caroline and all the other balers on this list<br><br>I just talked to Dr. Mikulitsch from OIB, the Austrian Institute of Construction Engineering.<br><br>As far as I understood, the situation is as follows:<br><br>* If there is an ETA (European Technical Approval) for a building product (like a certain building straw bale, tested in 1 country),<br>this building product can be used in each European country, with a RIGHT OF ADMISSION.<br>(there are just 2 exceptions: Germany and France, where usage purposes are defined,<br>so maybe you have to get a national approval for the usage of these products additionally in these 2 countries).<br>The problem: building products are defined by 1 (or more) manufacturer(s), a manufacturing process and a quality management.<br>So, in case of the approved (ETA) Waldland straw bales, it is possible to build with these straw bales manufactured in Lower Austria<br>everywhere in Europe, with the same characteristics and attributes (lamda, fire-safety,...).<br><br>* It is possible, to make an ETA in Europe with more than 1 manufacturer, e.g. it would be possible, that, lets say,<br>10 straw bale networks in different countries define 10 manufacturers in these countries and make just 1 testing-procedure according to ETA.<br>In this case the approved straw bales from these 10 manufacturers could be used all over Europe, and this is again a RIGHT.<br><br>* If there is just a National Technical Approval for a building product, these products can be used in the own country (which is a RIGHT)<br>and additionally can be used in other European countries, WITHOUT a right.<br>So the permission to use a nationally tested straw bale by manufacturer X in another country depends on the national/regional/local building authorities.<br>They can allow it, but they can also forbid the usage. So it is always approved in individual case<br>(which means that e.g. in city A it is allowed and in neighbor-city B it is not allowed to build with the same national approved straw bales).<br>But again: a National Technical Approval defines 1 or more manufacturers and their building PRODUCT(s) and not a system.<br><br>* What we all want, is - according to values like sustainability, ecology and affordability – straw bales from different manufacturers (farmers) in the near surrounding.<br>But there is no European law or Approval or something else for building products from NOT DEFINED manufacturers.<br>There are just two ways to get a RIGHT (and not just an approval in individual case) to use these bales by undefined manufacturers is:<br>1) the certification of straw bales, manufactured by different farmers, certified as a building product by a recognized certification authority<br>2) or a national or European NORM (Building Code).<br><br>* ad 1) It is possible to certify straw bales from different farmers even after the harvest by a recognized certification authority (like in Austria the GrAT –<br>the Group of Appropriate Technology on the Technical University of Vienna), and if certified, you get the RIGHT, to build with these "certified" bales.<br>Just an additonally explanation: this certification of straw bales naturally raises the price of straw bales (as it is a work, which has to be paid).<br>The price for such a certification depends on the hours, the distance to the certification authority and the amount of bales, which have to be certified.<br>What I heard, but I still get a more exact answer from GrAT, is a price of around EUR 1.500 for the certification of all the bales for a one family house (800 – 1500 bales).<br><br>* ad 2) European NORMs (building codes) stand above all other, but normally are contracted to building systems and the ways of usage, which are commonly accepted.<br>Mr. Mikulitsch said, it would be nearly impossible, to define a European NORM for building techniques like straw bale building generally in Europe.<br><br>* So we are again back to the National Building Codes (NORMs), which define a building technique and the correct usage in 1 country,<br>but there is no tool or law or whatever, to approve this technique in another country, except the European NORM.<br><br>* To my additional question, if it is possible to approve or accept a TEST (e.g. a load test) in the European country B, which was made (tested) in the country A,<br>there is no law or tool or whatever to make it automatically accepted. This, again, depends on national/regional/local building authorities and their approval in individual case.<br><br>Conclusio: Yes, there is a European harmonization in building laws, but the national building laws are superior (which in some cases is good, in some cases is bad for us:-)<br>It seems, that the only way to get a common acceptance and RIGHT (to build with straw bales) in 1 European country is to establish a National Building Code.<br>Although there is no possibility, to transfer a National Building Code to another country,<br>there is a possibility to learn from the experiences in establishing National Building Codes in other (European) countries,<br>to translate it, adept it and try to define your own National Building Code in your own country.<br><br>Ok, I am NO (building) law-expert, this is what I understood, but I think, as it is what I have heard before, seems to be the situation in Europe.<br><br>all the best<br>Herbert<br>-----------------<br>asbn - austrian strawbale network<br>3720 Ravelsbach, Baierdorf 6</body></html>