|
|
|
| In the left half of the left plot, specific illuminance by a continuous row of luminaires spaced 5 heights is shown (right half is for a single luminaire). | The right plot is for a single luminaire, unrotated. |
Values below the scale are illuminance / 1 lx. This is for (unrealistic) “unit” case that luminaires would have lamps producing 1 klm only, would be point-like and just 1 m over the terrain.
# [MANUFAC] INDAL
# [TEST] LVA10A298Z
# [LUMINAIRE] Airtrace-2-iReflec300-FT (5.0E)
# [LUMCAT] Airtrace
# [DATE] 28/07/2010 09:22:50
# down given: 100%
# out given: 74.8%
# tilt: 0.00
# [LAMP] 1 MT 45 4300 1950 PGZ12
# Bulbs: 1, 4300 lm each
# Source file: Airtrace_Airtrace-2-iReflec300-FT_-5.0E-_1_MT_45_4300_1950_PGZ12.ldt
# Luminaire flux = 748 raw, for the given bulb(s) it would be 3218 lm,
# 74.8 % of the bulb flux
# between 75 and 90: 3.2 % of the luminaire flux
# - this part causes just GLARE in case of road lighting and similar purposes
# 80deg and above: max 118.4 cd / 1000 lm , 0.6 % of the luminaire flux
# 90deg and above: max 1.4?cd / 1000 lm , 0.0?% of the luminaire flux
# CutOff Type: IES_Semi-CutOff
# Increase of Sky Luminance due to light going
# from the luminaire difectly above horizon, as compared with the
# luminance produced by the light dispersed from the ground: 0?%
# Increase of Sky Luminance in Distant Places by light below 15.0 degrees
# due to light going from the luminaire directly above horizon: 0?%
# (for the zenith luminance such an angle suits places up to 19 km distance)
# The increases concern the following situation:
# Albedo = 0.10
# Zenith Extinction = 0.30 mag (i.e., direct light remaining 76 %)
# Indicatrix type =0 (0: acc. to P.Cinzano, 4..6: CIE sky types)
# (the downward-scattered part of lambertian uplight is 0.1108 then)
# 62.5 deg to <67.5 deg: max 511 cd / 1000 lm,
# 67.5 deg to < 76 deg: max 584 cd / 1000 lm,
# maximum spec. lum. intensity 584 cd / 1000 lm
# The following table gives luminous intensities which would be produced
# using a hypothetic bulb giving a luminous flux of 1000 lm (i.e., cd/klm):
# H: 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 115.0 120.0 125.0 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0
#V:
0.0 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
2.0 160 160 161 162 162 162 162 162 163 163 163 163 164 164 164 164 165 164 165 164 165 164 164 164 164 163 163 163 163 162 162 162 162 162 161 160 160 159 159 159 158 158 157 157 156 156 156 155 155 155 154 155 155 154 154 154 155 155 154 155 155 155 156 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 159
4.0 162 163 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 169 170 170 170 170 171 170 170 170 170 169 169 169 168 168 167 167 166 166 165 165 164 163 162 161 161 160 158 157 156 155 154 153 153 152 151 150 150 150 150 149 149 149 150 150 150 150 151 152 153 153 154 155 156 157 158 160 161 161
6.0 166 167 169 170 170 172 173 173 173 175 174 175 175 176 176 177 176 177 177 177 176 177 176 176 175 175 174 175 173 173 173 172 170 170 169 167 166 164 163 161 159 158 156 155 153 152 150 149 148 147 146 145 145 144 143 144 145 145 146 147 148 149 150 152 153 155 156 158 159 161 163 164
8.0 168 169 172 174 176 177 179 180 181 181 182 183 183 183 183 184 185 184 184 184 185 184 183 183 183 183 182 181 181 180 179 177 176 174 172 169 168 165 163 161 159 157 155 153 152 150 148 146 145 144 142 141 141 140 139 140 141 141 142 144 145 146 148 150 152 153 155 157 159 161 163 165
10.0 168 171 174 177 179 182 184 186 188 190 190 191 192 191 192 192 193 192 192 192 193 192 192 191 192 191 190 190 188 186 184 182 179 177 174 171 168 165 163 160 157 155 153 151 149 148 147 145 143 141 140 139 138 137 136 137 138 139 140 141 143 145 147 148 149 151 153 155 157 160 163 165
12.0 168 171 175 179 182 186 189 192 195 198 199 200 201 201 201 201 201 201 202 201 201 201 201 201 201 200 199 198 195 192 189 186 182 179 175 171 168 164 162 158 155 152 150 148 146 145 144 142 141 140 138 137 136 134 133 134 136 137 138 140 141 142 144 145 146 148 150 152 155 158 162 164
14.0 169 173 178 183 187 192 196 199 202 205 207 209 210 209 210 209 210 209 210 209 210 209 210 209 210 209 207 205 202 199 196 192 187 183 178 173 169 165 161 157 153 149 147 145 143 142 141 140 139 138 137 136 134 133 132 133 134 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 145 147 149 153 157 161 165
16.0 172 178 184 190 195 200 205 208 211 213 215 217 218 217 217 216 216 217 218 217 216 216 217 217 218 217 215 213 211 208 205 200 195 190 184 178 172 166 162 156 151 147 144 142 139 138 138 137 137 137 136 135 133 131 131 131 133 135 136 137 137 137 138 138 139 142 144 147 151 156 162 166
18.0 177 184 192 198 205 210 214 217 219 221 222 223 223 222 221 221 221 222 223 222 221 221 221 222 223 223 222 221 219 217 214 210 205 198 192 184 177 169 163 157 151 146 142 139 136 135 135 134 134 134 134 133 131 130 129 130 131 133 134 134 134 134 135 135 136 139 142 146 151 157 163 169
20.0 181 189 198 205 211 216 220 223 224 225 226 226 225 224 224 223 223 225 227 225 223 223 224 224 225 226 226 225 224 223 220 216 211 205 198 189 181 173 165 158 151 145 141 137 134 132 132 131 132 132 132 131 130 128 127 128 130 131 132 132 132 131 132 132 134 137 141 145 151 158 165 173
22.0 185 192 199 205 211 216 220 222 223 223 223 225 225 224 223 224 224 227 231 227 224 224 223 224 225 225 223 223 223 222 220 216 211 205 199 192 185 176 168 160 152 145 140 136 132 130 129 129 129 130 131 130 128 126 125 126 128 130 131 130 129 129 129 130 132 136 140 145 152 160 168 176
24.0 189 194 199 203 207 211 214 216 216 216 216 219 221 223 223 223 225 231 236 231 225 223 223 223 221 219 216 216 216 216 214 211 207 203 199 194 189 181 173 163 154 147 141 136 131 129 127 126 127 128 128 128 126 124 123 124 126 128 128 128 127 126 127 129 131 136 141 147 154 163 173 181
26.0 191 196 200 203 205 207 208 209 208 208 207 211 217 221 224 224 227 237 246 237 227 224 224 221 217 211 207 208 208 209 208 207 205 203 200 196 191 185 177 167 157 149 142 136 131 127 125 124 124 125 126 126 124 122 121 122 124 126 126 125 124 124 125 127 131 136 142 149 157 167 177 185
28.0 191 195 199 202 205 207 206 204 203 201 201 206 214 222 227 229 233 246 261 246 233 229 227 222 214 206 201 201 203 204 206 207 205 202 199 195 191 186 179 170 160 151 144 137 131 127 124 122 122 123 123 124 122 120 119 120 122 124 123 123 122 122 124 127 131 137 144 151 160 170 179 186
30.0 190 193 197 201 205 208 207 204 201 199 200 206 216 228 237 239 243 259 278 259 243 239 237 228 216 206 200 199 201 204 207 208 205 201 197 193 190 186 181 172 163 153 145 138 132 128 124 122 121 121 121 121 121 118 117 118 121 121 121 121 121 122 124 128 132 138 145 153 163 172 181 186
32.0 188 192 197 201 206 209 208 206 203 203 207 216 226 240 250 253 257 274 296 274 257 253 250 240 226 216 207 203 203 206 208 209 206 201 197 192 188 184 180 173 164 154 146 139 133 128 125 121 119 119 119 119 118 116 115 116 118 119 119 119 119 121 125 128 133 139 146 154 164 173 180 184
34.0 188 194 201 206 210 212 213 213 213 215 221 232 241 253 262 263 267 287 307 287 267 263 262 253 241 232 221 215 213 213 213 212 210 206 201 194 188 183 179 172 163 154 145 139 133 129 124 121 118 117 117 117 116 114 113 114 116 117 117 117 118 121 124 129 133 139 145 154 163 172 179 183
36.0 187 195 206 214 218 219 221 226 232 237 241 251 257 262 265 264 267 288 308 288 267 264 265 262 257 251 241 237 232 226 221 219 218 214 206 195 187 180 175 169 161 151 144 138 133 129 124 120 117 115 115 115 115 112 111 112 115 115 115 115 117 120 124 129 133 138 144 151 161 169 175 180
38.0 185 195 209 221 228 232 238 250 262 266 264 266 265 260 256 251 252 273 291 273 252 251 256 260 265 266 264 266 262 250 238 232 228 221 209 195 185 175 168 162 155 147 142 137 132 129 125 119 116 113 112 113 113 111 109 111 113 113 112 113 116 119 125 129 132 137 142 147 155 162 168 175
40.0 182 194 209 223 236 248 267 287 299 296 280 267 259 243 232 224 224 241 255 241 224 224 232 243 259 267 280 296 299 287 267 248 236 223 209 194 182 171 163 157 152 146 141 137 132 128 124 119 114 111 110 110 111 109 108 109 111 110 110 111 114 119 124 128 132 137 141 146 152 157 163 171
42.0 183 196 212 226 241 265 302 329 329 311 279 252 236 217 201 191 190 202 213 202 190 191 201 217 236 252 279 311 329 329 302 265 241 226 212 196 183 170 162 156 151 147 143 137 132 127 122 117 112 109 107 107 108 107 106 107 108 107 107 109 112 117 122 127 132 137 143 147 151 156 162 170
44.0 188 205 224 239 257 293 340 362 341 297 253 220 202 185 168 157 155 161 168 161 155 157 168 185 202 220 253 297 341 362 340 293 257 239 224 205 188 173 164 158 154 149 144 138 131 126 121 115 111 106 104 104 104 104 103 104 104 104 104 106 111 115 121 126 131 138 144 149 154 158 164 173
46.0 193 215 240 260 288 334 371 367 322 259 206 176 163 154 138 128 125 127 129 127 125 128 138 154 163 176 206 259 322 367 371 334 288 260 240 215 193 175 166 160 155 150 146 139 132 124 118 112 107 104 100 100 101 101 98.5 101 101 100 100 104 107 112 118 124 132 139 146 150 155 160 166 175
48.0 199 226 258 285 325 374 387 345 276 210 161 136 131 128 115 105 101 101 102 101 101 105 115 128 131 136 161 210 276 345 387 374 325 285 258 226 199 178 166 159 155 151 148 140 131 123 116 109 104 98.9 95.8 96.5 97.6 96.9 96.0 96.9 97.6 96.5 95.8 98.9 104 109 116 123 131 140 148 151 155 159 166 178
50.0 208 242 283 319 367 402 381 303 221 166 133 112 105 104 95.9 88.8 85.6 84.1 84.2 84.1 85.6 88.8 95.9 104 105 112 133 166 221 303 381 402 367 319 283 242 208 181 167 158 154 152 149 141 130 121 114 106 101 96.2 92.3 91.3 92.7 92.2 91.3 92.2 92.7 91.3 92.3 96.2 101 106 114 121 130 141 149 152 154 158 167 181
52.0 217 263 315 364 410 413 350 252 177 139 116 101 89.8 84.9 80.4 76.3 74.3 73.9 74.8 73.9 74.3 76.3 80.4 84.9 89.8 101 116 139 177 252 350 413 410 364 315 263 217 184 167 158 154 151 147 139 129 119 111 103 97.5 92.2 88.4 86.3 85.9 84.6 83.1 84.6 85.9 86.3 88.4 92.2 97.5 103 111 119 129 139 147 151 154 158 167 184
54.0 227 285 355 416 446 402 302 205 150 123 106 93.9 83.8 76.9 71.8 67.3 64.9 66.3 67.6 66.3 64.9 67.3 71.8 76.9 83.8 93.9 106 123 150 205 302 402 446 416 355 285 227 188 167 156 152 149 143 135 125 116 108 99.8 93.1 87.2 82.3 79.7 78.8 75.9 72.4 75.9 78.8 79.7 82.3 87.2 93.1 99.8 108 116 125 135 143 149 152 156 167 188
56.0 239 311 401 475 475 377 253 174 135 113 98.9 89.2 79.8 73.2 69.0 63.6 60.7 59.6 59.9 59.6 60.7 63.6 69.0 73.2 79.8 89.2 98.9 113 135 174 253 377 475 475 401 311 239 192 168 155 150 145 140 131 123 114 105 95.6 88.0 81.9 76.8 74.0 71.4 66.7 65.2 66.7 71.4 74.0 76.8 81.9 88.0 95.6 105 114 123 131 140 145 150 155 168 192
58.0 248 333 440 520 487 345 217 154 124 106 92.7 83.9 76.0 69.4 64.7 59.5 54.9 53.5 54.6 53.5 54.9 59.5 64.7 69.4 76.0 83.9 92.7 106 124 154 217 345 487 520 440 333 248 194 166 152 146 142 136 127 117 108 99.5 90.6 82.7 76.3 71.7 68.1 63.1 60.0 58.1 60.0 63.1 68.1 71.7 76.3 82.7 90.6 99.5 108 117 127 136 142 146 152 166 194
60.0 259 353 470 535 463 302 189 140 115 99.4 87.2 78.9 72.5 66.2 61.4 54.8 50.5 48.5 49.3 48.5 50.5 54.8 61.4 66.2 72.5 78.9 87.2 99.4 115 140 189 302 463 535 470 353 259 196 164 149 145 140 131 121 110 101 93.3 85.5 78.0 71.5 66.7 61.1 56.6 54.1 51.7 54.1 56.6 61.1 66.7 71.5 78.0 85.5 93.3 101 110 121 131 140 145 149 164 196
62.0 268 371 483 516 411 257 169 129 107 93.5 82.8 74.5 68.4 62.7 57.6 51.0 46.1 43.6 44.6 43.6 46.1 51.0 57.6 62.7 68.4 74.5 82.8 93.5 107 129 169 257 411 516 483 371 268 198 163 148 143 136 125 113 102 93.8 87.7 80.2 73.5 67.7 61.7 56.0 51.6 48.5 46.4 48.5 51.6 56.0 61.7 67.7 73.5 80.2 87.7 93.8 102 113 125 136 143 148 163 198
64.0 282 397 492 475 351 221 153 119 100 87.9 78.4 70.4 64.3 59.4 52.7 46.6 41.4 37.1 38.2 37.1 41.4 46.6 52.7 59.4 64.3 70.4 78.4 87.9 100 119 153 221 351 475 492 397 282 202 164 148 140 130 117 105 94.4 87.3 82.1 74.9 69.1 63.0 57.0 51.3 46.6 43.5 41.7 43.5 46.6 51.3 57.0 63.0 69.1 74.9 82.1 87.3 94.4 105 117 130 140 148 164 202
66.0 306 440 511 443 304 195 139 110 92.8 82.1 73.7 66.6 60.4 55.3 48.3 41.9 36.1 31.9 32.3 31.9 36.1 41.9 48.3 55.3 60.4 66.6 73.7 82.1 92.8 110 139 195 304 443 511 440 306 209 166 145 133 120 107 97.3 88.5 82.3 76.4 69.6 64.1 59.1 52.0 46.9 41.9 38.5 36.4 38.5 41.9 46.9 52.0 59.1 64.1 69.6 76.4 82.3 88.5 97.3 107 120 133 145 166 209
68.0 339 500 549 432 273 174 126 102 86.6 76.8 68.8 62.2 56.6 50.7 43.0 36.4 31.4 27.5 27.6 27.5 31.4 36.4 43.0 50.7 56.6 62.2 68.8 76.8 86.6 102 126 174 273 432 549 500 339 217 164 139 124 110 98.2 89.9 82.7 76.7 70.8 64.9 58.8 54.7 47.5 42.2 37.1 33.5 31.7 33.5 37.1 42.2 47.5 54.7 58.8 64.9 70.8 76.7 82.7 89.9 98.2 110 124 139 164 217
70.0 378 569 584 413 238 151 113 93.1 81.4 71.8 64.4 58.1 52.5 46.0 38.3 30.8 24.9 23.1 22.9 23.1 24.9 30.8 38.3 46.0 52.5 58.1 64.4 71.8 81.4 93.1 113 151 238 413 584 569 378 221 155 125 108 95.5 85.8 79.1 73.6 69.4 64.3 57.8 53.2 48.2 42.8 36.6 32.1 28.5 27.0 28.5 32.1 36.6 42.8 48.2 53.2 57.8 64.3 69.4 73.6 79.1 85.8 95.5 108 125 155 221
72.0 358 568 542 334 186 126 98.7 83.4 74.3 66.5 59.4 53.7 48.4 41.3 34.2 26.4 20.8 18.4 18.2 18.4 20.8 26.4 34.2 41.3 48.4 53.7 59.4 66.5 74.3 83.4 98.7 126 186 334 542 568 358 167 90.3 61.0 47.5 39.0 34.7 34.7 37.5 42.3 45.5 45.1 42.8 39.3 35.7 30.7 27.1 23.8 22.3 23.8 27.1 30.7 35.7 39.3 42.8 45.1 45.5 42.3 37.5 34.7 34.7 39.0 47.5 61.0 90.3 167
74.0 341 524 436 214 95.4 58.0 54.2 63.5 65.6 60.1 53.8 48.4 44.0 36.6 29.6 22.6 17.9 16.1 16.4 16.1 17.9 22.6 29.6 36.6 44.0 48.4 53.8 60.1 65.6 63.5 54.2 58.0 95.4 214 436 524 341 147 71.2 44.6 33.2 25.5 19.7 16.5 14.4 13.5 13.3 12.7 13.6 15.7 17.4 17.4 16.5 14.7 14.1 14.7 16.5 17.4 17.4 15.7 13.6 12.7 13.3 13.5 14.4 16.5 19.7 25.5 33.2 44.6 71.2 147
76.0 280 409 309 142 63.5 35.3 23.0 16.6 15.6 24.0 35.1 39.1 38.7 31.4 24.3 18.0 14.5 14.1 14.3 14.1 14.5 18.0 24.3 31.4 38.7 39.1 35.1 24.0 15.6 16.6 23.0 35.3 63.5 142 309 409 280 118 53.7 32.9 24.4 18.6 14.1 11.4 9.6 8.4 7.6 6.2 4.9 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.2 4.9 6.2 7.6 8.4 9.6 11.4 14.1 18.6 24.4 32.9 53.7 118
78.0 186 254 182 85.1 40.7 24.2 16.3 11.9 9.1 7.4 6.2 6.8 13.8 19.8 18.5 13.8 11.6 12.4 12.8 12.4 11.6 13.8 18.5 19.8 13.8 6.8 6.2 7.4 9.1 11.9 16.3 24.2 40.7 85.1 182 254 186 81.2 37.0 22.9 17.3 13.2 10.0 7.9 6.4 5.7 5.3 4.5 3.5 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.5 4.5 5.3 5.7 6.4 7.9 10.0 13.2 17.3 22.9 37.0 81.2
80.0 93.7 118 84.3 43.4 23.6 15.3 11.2 8.5 6.7 5.3 4.3 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.4 4.3 4.9 6.7 7.9 6.7 4.9 4.3 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.7 4.3 5.3 6.7 8.5 11.2 15.3 23.6 43.4 84.3 118 93.7 45.3 22.0 14.3 11.0 8.4 6.3 5.1 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.1 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 3.1 3.6 3.9 4.3 5.1 6.3 8.4 11.0 14.3 22.0 45.3
82.0 36.1 43.0 32.6 19.7 12.6 9.1 7.1 5.9 4.9 4.1 3.4 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.4 4.1 4.9 5.9 7.1 9.1 12.6 19.7 32.6 43.0 36.1 20.5 11.6 8.1 6.5 5.1 4.1 3.4 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 4.1 5.1 6.5 8.1 11.6 20.5
84.0 11.2 12.8 10.8 8.0 6.1 5.0 4.2 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.2 5.0 6.1 8.0 10.8 12.8 11.2 7.6 5.2 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 5.2 7.6
86.0 3.6 4.0 3.6 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.6 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.9
88.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0
90.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4